River otters are a beloved species of aquatic mammals that can be found throughout the state.
The otter is the largest member of the weasel family found in South Carolina. The otter has a long cylindrical body with a powerful tail, making it ideal for life in the water. Adult otters measure 35 to 55 inches in length, about one-third of which is tail. The otter has short, stout legs and stands low to the ground, measuring 7 to 9 inches at the shoulder. The dark-brown fur is short and very dense. The oldest recorded otter from South Carolina was 12 years old.
Otters are monogamous and reach sexual maturity at age two. Most breeding occurs in later winter and early spring. The young are born in late winter, and the female may breed again within a month of birthing. The young will stay with the mother for about a year and probably disperse just before the next litter is born.
They are known to eat almost any animal found in aquatic systems, including crayfish, crabs, mollusks, fish, turtles, and waterfowl. They are opportunistic, and their diet generally reflects the availability of the prey. Fish make up the largest portion of their diet. When fishing, otters usually prey on slower fish such as carp, suckers, and catfish. Crayfish and crabs are important seasonal foods for otters.
Otters prefer clear water relatively free of human disturbance.
In South Carolina, otters are found in each of our major river drainages but are most abundant in the coastal marshes and blackwater swamps because of the abundance of food and cover. Despite its nationwide decline, the otter appears to be doing quite well in South Carolina.
Man’s impact has taken its toll on this species. Otters, being near the top of the food chain, are very sensitive to the pollution of aquatic systems. The use of pesticides and the improper disposal of industrial wastes deposited toxins and mercury in the fish and crustaceans that otters feed upon. The channelization of streams and erosion of fields resulted in the pollution of waterways, which destroyed many food sources for the otter. These factors severely reduced otter populations earlier in this century. Today, however, otters are making a good comeback
These playful creatures are important members of the aquatic ecosystem.
They help maintain balance and keep populations of certain prey species in check. River otters also provide us with a unique opportunity to observe and appreciate wildlife in their natural habitat. They are an incredible species that bring joy to people all over the world.
Despite their charm, river otters are facing increasing pressure from human activities such as habitat destruction and pollution. It is important that we work to protect these amazing animals so that future generations can enjoy them for years to come.
Source: https://www.dnr.sc.gov/.
